International Experience Canada (IEC)
Statutory definition
IRPR r 205(b) provides that work permits may be issued without LMIA for foreign nationals whose employment would create or maintain reciprocal employment of Canadians abroad. IEC is the primary program implementing this provision through bilateral youth mobility agreements.
Explanation
International Experience Canada (IEC) has three streams:
- Working Holiday — open work permit allowing the holder to work for any employer in Canada; most popular stream; age 18–35 in most partner countries
- Young Professionals — employer-specific work permit for a job arranged before arriving in Canada; must be in a skilled NOC occupation
- International Co-op — for students completing an internship or co-op placement as part of their post-secondary education program
IEC is available to nationals of approximately 36 countries (as of 2025) with bilateral agreements with Canada. Each country is allocated an annual quota. Candidates participate in a pool-based selection process (similar to Express Entry) and receive an Invitation to Apply for a work permit.
How this term is used
IEC Working Holiday visa holders can work for any employer in Canada for up to 12–24 months (depending on the country). Many IEC participants use the program as a pathway to accumulate Canadian work experience toward CEC eligibility for Express Entry permanent residence.