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Section 134 — Defence — incorporation by reference

Immigration and Refugee Protection Act s 134 Canada Compilation: 2026-03-17 Verified: 2026-05-23

Text of provision

No person may be found guilty of an offence or subjected to a penalty for the contravention of a provision of a regulation that incorporates material by reference, unless it is proved that, at the time of the alleged contravention,

(a) the material was reasonably accessible to the person;

(b) reasonable steps had been taken to ensure that the material was accessible to persons likely to be affected by the regulation; or

(c) the material had been published in the Canada Gazette.

Plain English

Practical effect

Information only. Nothing on this page is immigration advice or legal advice. Only an authorised representative (RCIC or immigration lawyer) may give immigration advice in Canada.

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